Item providers

Item providers are a means for accessing items from data sources. On this page, we provide more details about their characteristics and main advantages, and we show a few examples of using them.

Overview

The concept of Item providers is an abstraction aiming to give developers a flexible way to specify which item a form field (simple or complex) should bind to and how an item should be accessed. 

Item providers allow you to bind form views to complex nested data structures and to fine tune such bindings. For example, if a form binds a contact address as a separate sub-form (a composite field in the Magnolia 5 UI context), a Magnolia user might want to:

• Use a contact's child node to store the data, in which case an item provider that resolves a sub-node can be used.
• Store the properties directly on the contact node and keep it flat. This would represent a self-reference item provider use case.

Item providers get reference items as context. Applied to the contact address example, an address editor will get the root contact node so that it would be trivial to resolve the corresponding sub-node, if needed.

Typically, item providers are executed only:

• When fetching data from the back-end (to populate a form).
• When some updated data needs to be flushed from the Vaadin components back to the back-end (on a form commit).

Last but not least, item providers yield items wrapped into the Optional container, so it is fine not to return anything from the item provider implementation. In this case, however, the form data may not be populated or saved back to the back-end.

Main advantages

Item providers represent a much simpler solution than the field transformers in Magnolia 5 UI.

• An item provider only needs to know how to access the data. In contrast, the transformers in the 5 UI framework were responsible for both types of data operations – reading and writing. In Magnolia 6 UI, data updates should be piped into back-end items via simple fields by means of Vaadin 8 data binding (Binder objects).
• Unlike transformers, item providers do not have to deal with the deprecated Vaadin 7 Item API and do not require manual verifications that child properties are populated within an item.
• Item providers have a clearer concept of chaining. They get a reference of an item from a previous level in the hierarchy, making the whole complex data binding process recursive.
• The number of provider types is much lower in Magnolia 6 UI, compared to a relatively high number of field transformers in the 5 UI.
• There's also provider implementations that can handle JSON structures, task and notifications items, assets or specific product content items.

Where are they used

Item providers can be used in:

• Item provider definition in a detail subapp. 
• Item provider definition In a form containing composite and complex fields. In this use, the provider replaces the former field transformer functionality that is part of the UI framework 5, but no longer part of the Magnolia 6 UI.

Provider types

For any data source

For JCR data source

For JSON data source

In subapp definition

The jcrNodeFromLocationProvider is used for example in the Pages app (see line 7 below). This provider resolves a JCR node from its location context:

  detail:
    class: info.magnolia.pages.app.detail.PageDetailDescriptor
    datasource:
      $type: jcrDatasource
      workspace: website
    itemProvider:
      $type: jcrNodeFromLocationProvider

(A snippet of an existing full definition, see https://git.magnolia-cms.com/projects/MODULES/repos/pages/browse/magnolia-pages-app/src/main/resources/pages-app/apps/pages-app.yaml.)

Using item providers is not limited only to operations related to JCR content. See the following definition, where content items are provided from a JSON structure through the jsonProvider (line 16):

  view:
    label: View Commit
    class: info.magnolia.ui.contentapp.detail.DetailDescriptor
    datasource:
      $type: jsonDatasource
      restClient: bitbucket
      restCall: commit
      jsonPathExpressions:
        properties:
          author: '$.author.raw'
    actions:
      cancel:
        label: Cancel
        $type: closeAction
    itemProvider:
      $type: jsonProvider

In form definition

A provider strategy can be applied to handle data-read operations in forms with complex field. For example, see the jcrChildNodeProvider in the following definition of a complex field called address , composed of two simple fields, city and country .

        address:
          label: address
          i18n: true
          $type: compositeField
          itemProvider:
            $type: jcrChildNodeProvider
          properties:
            city:
              label: city
              $type: textField
            country:
              label: country
              i18n: true
              $type: textField

(A snippet of an existing full definition, see https://git.magnolia-cms.com/projects/MODULES/repos/contacts-app/browse/src/main/resources/contacts/apps/contacts-v8.yaml#320-336.)

Using the jcrChildNodeProvider resolves the content of the child items city and country from the parent address: