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• Independent of the UI
• Back-end executable
• Executed by UI (for example by an action), Web services or other modules such as the Workflow and Scheduler

You can write your own custom commands and execute them on-demand or scheduled.

Commands consist of a command definition and Java business logic. Since the business logic is written in Java, you can perform basically any task that Java allows.

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Catalog names have to be unique across the system. Magnolia will not merge commands with same name from various catalogs. It will load commands only from one of them. Since the ui-admininterface module has a default catalog, the name is already taken. If you created a default catalog the names would conflict and the system would not load your command. Choose a catalog name that characterizes its commands, such as "messaging" for commands that send emails and notifications. See Querying for catalogs and commands how to check for currently used names.

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Executing commands with actions

In the UI commands are executed by actions. Here's an example action definition for the activate action in the Pages app. You can find it in Configuration > -> /modules/pages/apps/pages/subApps/browser/actions/activate. See Dialog action definition for the properties and their values.

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• params: Parameters passed to the command. Depends on the command. For example, the activate command expects to receive a repository name and a content path as parameters.
• catalog: Name of the catalog where your command resides.
• command: Name of the command.
• description: Describes the job, for example "Send an email message on the hour"
• cron: Schedule that indicates the execution time, written as a CRON expression. For example 0 0 1 5 11 ? 2010 means "run on November 5 at 01:00 am". Cronmaker is a useful tool for building expressions.
• active: Set value to true to activate the job.

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To query for existing commands:

1. Go to Tools > JCR QueriesTools.
2. In the Query area tab, select config repository workspace, sql query language and nt:base result item type.
3. Paste the following query into the Statement box: "select * from nt:base where jcr:path like '%/commands/%'".
4. Click Execute.

The result looks like this. Path notation: /modules/moduleName/commands/catalog/command.

71101 nodes returned in 24ms
/modules/publishing-core/commands/default
/modules/publishing-core/commands/default/publish
/modules/activationpublishing-core/commands/default/unpublish
/modules/activationpublishing-core/commands/default/activate
/modules/activationpublishing-core/commands/default/deactivate
/modules/activationpublishing-core/commands/versioned
/modules/activationpublishing-core/commands/versioned/activatepublish
/modules/activationpublishing-core/commands/versioned/activatepublish/version
/modules/activationpublishing-core/commands/versioned/activatepublish/activatepublish
/modules/activationpublishing-core/commands/versioned/deactivateunpublish
/modules/activationpublishing-core/commands/versioned/deactivateunpublish/version
/modules/publishing-core/commands/versioned/unpublish/unpublish
/modules/publishing-core/commands/versioned/activate
/modules/activationpublishing-core/commands/versioned/deactivate/deactivate
/modules/ui-admincentral/commands/default
/modules/ui-admincentral/commands/default/markAsDeleted
/modules/ui-admincentral/commands/default/export
/modules/ui-admincentral/commands/default/import
/modules/ui-admincentral/commands/default/delete
/modules/cache/commands/cache
/modules/cache/commands/cache/flushAll
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/modules/rest-services/rest-endpoints/commands/enabledCommands
/modules/rest-services/rest-endpoints/commands/enabledCommands/activate
/modules/rest-services/rest-endpoints/commands/enabledCommands/activate/access
/modules/rest-services/rest-endpoints/commands/enabledCommands/activate/access/roles
/modules/rest-services/rest-endpoints/commands/enabledCommands/markAsDeleted
/modules/rest-services/rest-endpoints/commands/enabledCommands/markAsDeleted/access
/modules/rest-services/rest-endpoints/commands/enabledCommands/markAsDeleted/access/roles
/modules/rest-services/rest-endpoints/commands/enabledCommands/backup
/modules/rest-services/rest-endpoints/commands/enabledCommands/backup/access
/modules/rest-services/rest-endpoints/commands/enabledCommands/backup/access/roles
/modules/ui-framework/commands/default
/modules/ui-framework/commands/default/importZip
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Executing a command in the Groovy console

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The execute() method is passed a Magnolia context instance ctx which is an implicit object the console always puts at your disposal. 

Executing a command as a Groovy script

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You can write your own custom commands and execute them either on demand or scheduled. For example, you could execute the standard Magnolia sendMail command when a page is activated. This way you can send an email notification to a user who needs to review the page.

Definition

To create a command definition:

1. Create a commands folder in the configuration hierarchy of your module.

2. Create a catalog subfolder under the commands folder. Choose a catalog name that characterizes its commands, such as messaging for commands that send emails and notifications.

3. Create a content node under the catalog. This is the name of your command in Magnolia. If you did not create a catalog make sure that your command name is unique across Magnolia.
4. Create a class property. Set its value to the fully-qualified name of the Java class that contains the command logic such as info.magnolia.module.mail.commands.MailCommand. The Java class should reside inside the module JAR.

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